Gettysburg

GETTYSBURG SENTINEL

The ordnance rifle has a three-inch bore and could fire a 10-pound projectile just over a mile.

DEVIL'S DEN

This hill of giant boulders is below Little Round Top. On the 2nd day of the Battle of Gettysburg, troops from both sides took turns occupying it. It proved impractical for artillery but was effective cover for infantry, especially snipers.

LITTLE ROUND TOP

As seen from the boulders at Devil's Den.

NEAR & FAR

Devil's Den in the foreground, Little Round Top beyond.

DEVIL'S DEN

MUZZLE LOADER

Thi is a 10-pound iron Parrott Rifle, named for designer Robert Parrott of the West Point Foundry. It featured a reinforcing band around the breech and was manufactured in different sizes, with bores of 2.9 or 3.0 inches. It was used by both sides in the Civil War, with a range up to 2,000 yards.

UNION HERO

A statue of Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren on Little Round Top. He arranged the hasty defense of Little Round Top on the second day of the three-day Battle of Gettysburg. Seven Federal soldiers were killed around the rock on which the statue rises.

Patina: time has turned the bronze barrel of this Napoleon cannon green on the field at Gettysburg. The trees in the distance are on Cemetery Ridge, which was held by Federal troops as Confederates attacked across the fields in Pickett's Charge on July 3, 1863.

THE WHEATFIELD

it was the scene of hand-to-hand fighting by Union and Confederate troops below Little Round Top. Parts of the 20 acres were so covered by the dead that it was said you could walk across the field without touching ground.

FAMOUS VIEW

This spot in Devil's Den was famously portrayed by photographer Alexander Gardner just days after the battle ended. In his "Home of a Rebel Sharpshooter" he included the body of a Confederate he described as a sniper, but experts say the dead man was probably just an infantryman and that Gardner and his assistants moved the body there for dramatic purposes.

NAPOLEON ON GUARD

A bronze Union cannon at Trostle Farm, south of Gettysburg. Confederate troops overran the Federal artillery position here on day two of the battle. The black spot you see on the end of the barn is the hole of a cannon shot.

Sachs Covered Bridge: this 100-foot long span, built over Marsh Creek in 1854, was used by Union and Confederate troops before, during and after the battle of Gettysburg. Retreating Confederates crossed it for a final time on the rainy night of July 4, 1863, when they made their way back to Maryland and Virginia following the Civil War's most terrible battle. The bridge was put on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

SACHS COVERED BRIDGE

Note the distinctive truss framework. Retreating Confederates hanged three soldiers at the bridge as spies for the Union.

MARSH CREEK

Seen from Sachs Bridge at dusk. Confederates retreated over the bridge during the rainy night after the end of the battle.

AIMING POINT

The oak trees are descendants of the famous "Clump" that Gen. Robert E. Lee ordered the men of Brig. Gen. James Longstreet's command to aim for in what became known as Pickett's Charge, the Confederacy's failed and costly assault on the center of the Union line along Cemetery Ridge. It happened on the 3rd and final day of the Battle of Gettysburg

CIVIL WAR FARE

It is a plate of fried and boiled onions and apples with salt pork, accompanied by johnny cakes, made of cornmeal, milk and salt. The stainless steel plate copies the tinware that soldiers used. The foldable fork and spoon pair with a knife is a reproduction of a detachable set, the sort that some soldiers carried.

REBEL VIEW

Little Round Top, seen from the boulders of Devil's Den. Most Confederates knew it simply as the Rocky Hill.

PHOTOGRAPHIC HISTORY

This spot at Devil's Den is much as Alexander Gardner saw it just days after the fighting ended in July of 1863. What's missing here is the body of a Confederate soldier that Gardner and his assistants dragged and positioned to portray a supposed sniper who had been killed at his perch.

Sentinel: Union cannon on Cemetery Ridge points to Seminary Ridge, where 12,000 Rebel troops assembled in a mile-long formation on day three of the battle for an assault on the center of the Federal line in what became known as Pickett's Charge. It failed, and Gen. Robert E. Lee withdrew his forces in defeat the next day.

Slaughter Pen: that is how this part of the Gettysburg battlefield became known. It extends along a creek called Plum Run, below Round Top and adjacent to Devil's Den.

Union cannon on Cemetery Ridge.

COMMANDER'S MONUMENT

Gen. George Meade took charge of the Army of the Potomac three days before the fighting began at Gettysburg. His statue is on Cemetery Ridge near the farthest reach of Pickett's Charge at the Union Line. It shows him astride Old Baldy, who was wounded on day two of the battle. Both survived the war, and Old Baldy was the riderless horse in the general's 1872 funeral procession.

MIGHTY MUZZLE

This is a 3-inch ordinance rifle. It fired projectiles weighing about 10 pounds and had an effective range of just over a mile.

UNION BASE

The two-room farmhouse of Lydia Leister, close behind the Federal line on Cemetery Ridge, became Gen. George Meade's headquarters during the battle. On the night after the second day of fighting, he had a war council with his top commanders in the room on the right. The decision they reached was to stay and fight.

THE ANGLE

This spot on Cemetery Ridge was the farthest that rebels got into the Union line during Pickett's Charge on the 3rd and final day of the battle.

RAILWAY CUT

It was an unfinished project in July of 1863, when on day one of the Gettysburg battle Federal troops captured scores of Confederates caught at the bottom of the steep walls.